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Argumentation: The Study of Effective Reasoning

Discover a common but under-studied aspect of human communication: argumentation.
 
 
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Introducing Argumentation and Rhetoric

01: Introducing Argumentation and Rhetoric

Introducing Argumentation and Rhetoric

33 min
History of Argumentation Studies

02: History of Argumentation Studies

History of Argumentation Studies

31 min
Formal and Informal Argument

03: Formal and Informal Argument

Formal and Informal Argument

31 min
The Emergence of Controversy

04: The Emergence of Controversy

The Emergence of Controversy

31 min
Resolutions and Issues

05: Resolutions and Issues

Resolutions and Issues

31 min
Stasis—The Focal Point of Dispute

06: Stasis—The Focal Point of Dispute

Stasis—The Focal Point of Dispute

31 min
Presumption and Burden of Proof

07: Presumption and Burden of Proof

Presumption and Burden of Proof

31 min
Argument Analysis and Diagramming

08: Argument Analysis and Diagramming

Argument Analysis and Diagramming

31 min
Claims and Evidence

09: Claims and Evidence

Claims and Evidence

31 min
Reasoning from Parts to Whole

10: Reasoning from Parts to Whole

Reasoning from Parts to Whole

31 min
Moving from Cause to Effect

11: Moving from Cause to Effect

Moving from Cause to Effect

31 min
Establishing Correlations

12: Establishing Correlations

Establishing Correlations

31 min
Analogy, Narrative, and Form

13: Analogy, Narrative, and Form

Analogy, Narrative, and Form

31 min
What Makes a Sound Argument

14: What Makes a Sound Argument

What Makes a Sound Argument

31 min
Fallacies in Reasoning

15: Fallacies in Reasoning

Fallacies in Reasoning

31 min
Validity and Fallacies Reconsidered

16: Validity and Fallacies Reconsidered

Validity and Fallacies Reconsidered

31 min
Assembling a Case

17: Assembling a Case

Assembling a Case

31 min
Attack and Defense I

18: Attack and Defense I

Attack and Defense I

31 min
Attack and Defense II

19: Attack and Defense II

Attack and Defense II

31 min
Language and Style in Argumentation

20: Language and Style in Argumentation

Language and Style in Argumentation

31 min
Arguments between Friends

21: Arguments between Friends

Arguments between Friends

31 min
Arguments among Experts

22: Arguments among Experts

Arguments among Experts

31 min
Public Argument and Democratic Life

23: Public Argument and Democratic Life

Public Argument and Democratic Life

31 min
The Ends of Argumentation

24: The Ends of Argumentation

The Ends of Argumentation

31 min

Overview Course No. 499

What is effective reasoning? And how can it be done persuasively? These questions have been asked for thousands of years, yet some of the best thinking on reasoning and argumentation is recent and represents a break from the past. These 24 engaging lectures teach you how to reason, how to persuade others that what you think is right, and how to judge and answer the arguments of others - and how they will judge yours. Professor Zarefsky makes argumentation accessible and familiar by breaking it into five easy-to-understand components: The tools of formal logic, while essential and even definitive for mathematics and programming computers, are inadequate to decide most controversial issues. This course shows more useful approaches. Arguments can be divided into three parts: a claim, evidence, and an inference linking the evidence to the claim. All arguments fall into a handful of distinctive categories, and the same issues are at stake each time one of these distinctive patterns occurs. Three kinds of evidence can be advanced to prove an argument that something is true: objective data, social consensus, and personal credibility. There are six kinds of inference that link evidence to a claim: example, cause, sign, analogy, narrative, and form. How to use and challenge each is explained. Along the way, you'll look at numerous actual controversies with a perspective that allows you to see the structure of all disputes. In this way, argument becomes an exchange, not just a flurry of words.

About

David Zarefsky

It's my belief that the most ethical way to go about influencing other people is through argumentation, which respects their individuality, and respects their freedom, and seeks their free assent.

INSTITUTION

Northwestern University

Dr. David Zarefsky is the Owen L. Coon Professor of Communication Studies at Northwestern University, where he has taught for over 30 years. He earned his B.S., master's degree, and Ph.D. from Northwestern University. From 1988 through 2000, he served as the Dean of the School of Speech.

A nationally recognized authority on rhetoric and forensics, he is a past president of the National Communication Association (NCA) and recipient of the Distinguished Scholar Award in 1994 and the Distinguished Service Award in 2001. On no fewer than 13 occasions, his outstanding lecturing skills have been recognized by the inclusion of his name on Northwestern's Associated Student Government Honor Roll for Teaching.

Dr. Zarefsky has authored five books, edited three more, and published over 50 scholarly articles and reviews. He received the 1986 National Communication Association's Winans-Wichelns Award for Distinguished Scholarship in Rhetoric and Public Address for his book President Johnson's War on Poverty: Rhetoric and History and the same award again in 1991 for Lincoln, Douglas, and Slavery: In the Crucible of Public Debate.

By This Professor

Argumentation: The Study of Effective Reasoning
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