Freedom: The Philosophy of Liberation
Explore the meaning of freedom—perhaps the most powerful idea to have inspired mankind throughout the ages.
Overview
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01: Freedom in the Ancient World
The idea of freedom as expounded by ancient Indian philosophy (the concept of "swaraj"); Greek political theory in the writings of Thucydides and Plato's "Republic"; and early Christianity.
02: The Advent of Freedom in the Modern World
The distinctively modern meanings of freedom in the political theories of 17th-century philosopher John Locke and 18th-century French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
03: Hegel’s Philosophy of Freedom, God and the State
The idea of freedom expounded by the German philosopher G. W. F. Hegel and the 19th century and the theoretical relationship of this idea to his concepts of God and the State.
04: John Stuart Mill’s Philosophy of Freedom
An analysis of Mill's classic text, "On Liberty", showing its contrasts with Hegel, its similarities with Locke, and its defense of freedom of expression against the "tyranny of the majority."
05: Emma Goldman and the Anarchist Idea of Freedom
Here Professor Dennis Dalton contrasts Goldman's anarchism with the liberalism of Mill and the nationalism of Hegel.
06: Mahatma Gandhi—Personal and Political Freedom
Gandhi's concept of freedom examined in the context of his life and leadership of the Indian independence movement.
07: Malcolm X’s Quest for Liberation
An analysis of the life of Malcolm X. His file is compared with Gandhi's in terms of their similar attempts to cope with racist oppression, both moving through stages of personal development that influenced their ideas about freedom and humanity.
08: Martin Luther King, Jr.—Stride Toward Freedom
This lecture will examine King's emphasis on the idea of freedom as seen in his speeches and writings, in the context of the Montgomery bus boycott, and the connection between his theories of freedom and non-violence as compared with Gandhi.